Nn, Wanda Kartika Amelia (2012) PRARANCANGAN PABRIK ASAM STEARAT DARI STEARINE DAN AIR KAPASITAS 20.000 TON/TAHUN (Perancangan Reaktor 1 (R-201)). Digital Library.
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Abstrak (Berisi Bastraknya saja, Judul dan Nama Tidak Boleh di Masukan)
Abstrak Asam stearat merupakan bahan kimia antara yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku surfaktan, metil ester, sabun dan deterjen, emulsifier, stabilizer sebagai campuran dalam berbagai jenis produk makanan dan obat-obatan, sebagai wetting agent dalam industri tekstil, plasticizer dalam industri kemasan dan sebagai bahan yang digunakan dalam proses vulkanisasi karet dalam industri polimer, melalui reaksi saponifikasi. Produk ini dihasilkan dari reaksi hidrolisis minyak atau lemak dengan air. Kebutuhan asam stearat yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya impor Indonesia terhadap asam stearat. Sehingga pembangunan pabrik Aseton sangat diperlukan untuk mendukung perkembangan industri di dalam negeri. Asam Stearat diproduksi dengan cara mareaksikan stearine dan air di dalam Reaktor alir berpengaduk (CSTR) pada suhu 260oC dan tekanan 47,6 atm . Hasil keluaran reaktor berupa cairan asam stearat, asam oleat, gliserol, air dan unreacted stearine dipisahkan lagi dengan proses dekantasi. Campuran asam stearat, asam oleat dan unreacted stearine dimurnikan lagi dalam kolom distilasi, lalu kemudian dilakukan pemisahan antara asam stearat dengan asam oleat dengan proses solvent cryatallization. Gliserol dan air sebagai hasil reaksi samping dimurnikan lagi sampai kemurnian 67%. Kapasitas produksi pabrik direncanakan 20.000 ton/tahun dengan 330 hari kerja dalam 1 tahun. Lokasi pabrik direncanakan didirikan di daerah Jambi yang terletak di Kecamatan Teluk Sialang, Jambi. Tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 1 89 orang dengan bentuk badan usaha Perseroan Terbatas (PT) yang dipimpin oleh seorang Direktur Utama yang dibantu oleh Direktur Produksi dan Direktur Keuangan dengan struktur organisasi line and staff. Penyediaan kebutuhan utilitas pabrik berupa sistem pengolahan dan penyediaan air, sistem penyediaan steam, sistem penyediaan udara instrumen, dan sistem pembangkit tenaga listrik. Dari analisis ekonomi diperoleh: Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) = Rp 158,366,303,295 Working Capital Investment (WCI) = Rp 27,946,994,699 Total Capital Investment (TCI) = Rp186,313,297,994 Break Even Point (BEP) = 35,6150% Shut Down Point (SDP) = 19,8833% Pay Out Time before taxes (POT)b = 1,8083 tahun Pay Out Time after taxes (POT)a = 2,1626 tahun Return on Investment before taxes (ROI)b = 38,5058% Return on Investment after taxes (ROI)a = 30,8046% Discounted cash flow (DCF) = 32,8574% Mempertimbangkan rangkuman di atas, sudah selayaknya pendirian pabrik aseton ini dikaji lebih lanjut, karena merupakan pabrik yang menguntungkan dan mempunyai prospek yang baik. Abstract Stearic acid is a chemical intermediate can be used as a raw material surfactants, methyl ester, soap and detergent, emulsifier, stabilizer as an ingredient in various types of food products and medicines, as a wetting agent in textiles, plasticizer in packaging industry and as an ingredient used in the rubber vulcanization process in the polymer industry, through a saponification reaction. This product is produced from the hydrolysis reaction oils or fats with water. Needs of stearic acid increased from year to year indicated by the increasing imports of Indonesia to stearic acid. So Stearic acid plant is needed to support the development of domestic industries. Stearic acid produced by react stearine and water in a stirred flow reactor (CSTR) at a temperature of 260 oC and pressure of 47.6 atm. The output of the reactor in the form of stearic acid, oleic acid, glycerol, water and unreacted stearine separated again by decantation process. Mixed stearic acid, oleic acid and unreacted stearine again purified in distillation column, and then performed the separation of stearic acid with oleic acid by solvent process cryatallization. Glycerol and water as a result of side reactions was purified again until 67% purity. Factory production capacity is planned 20,000 tons / year with 330 working days within 1 year. The location of the plant planned to be located in the area of Jambi is located in the Teluk Sialang District, Jambi. Labor needed as many as 189 people with a form of business entity Limited Liability Company (PT) led by a Director who is assisted by the Director of Production and Financial Director with line and staff organizational structure. Provision of utility plant needs a treatment system and water supply, steam supply systems, instrument air supply systems, and power generation systems. From the economic analysis is obtained: Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) = Rp 158,366,303,295 Working Capital Investments (WCI) = Rp 27,946,994,699 Total Capital Investment (TCI) = Rp186, 313,297,994 Break Even Point (BEP) = 35.6150% Shut Down Point (SDP) = 19.8833% Pay Out Time before taxes (POT), b = 1.8083 year Pay Out Time after taxes (POT), a = 2.1626 year Return on Investment before taxes (ROI), b = 38.5058% After taxes Return on Investment (ROI), a = 30.8046% Discounted cash flow (DCF) = 32.8574% Considering the above summary, it is proper establishment of acetone plant is studied further, because it is a factory that is profitable and has good prospects.
| Jenis Karya Akhir: | Artikel |
|---|---|
| Subyek: | |
| Program Studi: | FKIP > Prodi Magister Teknologi Pendidikan |
| Pengguna Deposit: | tik9 . Digilib |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jan 2016 04:25 |
| Terakhir diubah: | 22 Jan 2016 04:25 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/18825 |
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