Chyntia Gustiyanda Patraini, 1017011023 (2014) PEMBUATAN SELULOSA ASETAT DARI α-SELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT (TKS). Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan isolasi α-selulosa dari Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS) menggunakan metode delignifikasi dan pemutihan. TKS yang telah terdelignifikasi, dilakukan variasi pengulangan pemutihan, pemutihan satu kali (Sampel A) dan pemutihan dua kali (Sampel B), metode delignifikasi, pulping dan bleaching (Sampel C) dan kapas komersial (Sampel D). Pada sampel A diperoleh kadar α-selulosa 71,778%, sampel B 72,78%, sampel C 97,04% dan sampel D 98,57%. Setelah diperoleh α-selulosa, maka keempat sampel tersebut direaksikan dengan menggunakan proses aktivasi, asetilasi, hidrolisis dan pengendapan untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat. Sampel A diperoleh kadar asetil 13,56%, derajat subtitusi 1,86 dan titik leleh 180oC, sampel B diperoleh kadar asetil 17,866%, derajat subtitusi 1,96 dan titik leleh 181oC, sampel C diperoleh kadar asetil 38,745%, derajat subtitusi 2,6 dan titik leleh 170oC, sampel D diperoleh kadar asetil 41,113%, derajat subtitusi 2,7 dan titik leleh 185oC. Analisis FTIR pada sampel B, C, dan D menunjukkan adanya gugus C=O pada daerah 1760-1720cm-1 (selulosa asetat) dan gugus C-O (gugus asetil) pada daerah 1220-1200cm-1. Morfologi dari selulosa asetat menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa sampel C memiliki kerapatan yang menyerupai sampel D. Analisis degradasi termal oleh TGA/DTA menunjukkan degradasi selulosa asetat sampel B pada suhu 325oC, sampel C 350oC dan sampel D 355oC. Kata Kunci: Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS), α-Selulosa, Selulosa Asetat ABSTRACK The preparation of cellulose acetate from α-cellulose which was isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using delignification and bleaching. OPEFB which has been delignificated, to be varied repetition bleaching, bleaching one (Sample A) and two step of bleaching (Sample B), the method delignification, pulping and bleaching (Sample C) and commercial cotton (Sample D). Sample A obtained α-cellulose content is 71,778%, sample B is 72,78%, sample C is 97,04% and sample D is 98,57%. After obtained α-cellulose, the fourth sample was then reacted by using the activation process, acetylation, hydrolysis and precipitation to obtain cellulose acetate. Sample A obtained acetyl content is 13,56%, degree of subtitution is 1,86 and melting point is 180oC, sample B obtained acetyl content is 17,866%, degree of subtitution is 1,96 and melting point is 181oC, sample C obtained acetyl content is 38,745%, degree of subtitution is 2,6 and melting point is 170oC, sample D obtained content is 41,113%, degree of subtitution is 2,7 and melting point is 185oC. The FTIR spectral peaks from the sample B, C, and D shows the C = O group in the area 1760-1720cm-1 (cellulose acetate) and the CO group (acetyl group) in the area 1220-1200cm-1. Morphology of cellulose acetate using SEM showed that the sample C has a density that resembles the sample D. Based on analysis of thermal degradation by TGA / DTA showed degradation of cellulose acetate sample B at a temperature of 325oC, sample C is 350oC and sample D is 355oC. Key Word: Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB), α-Cellulose, Cellulose Acetate
| Item Type: | Other |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | A General Works = Karya Karya Umum |
| Divisions: | Fakultas MIPA > Prodi Kimia |
| Depositing User: | 204667 . Digilib |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Dec 2014 06:43 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Dec 2014 06:43 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/5822 |
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