KOMBINASI APLIKASI PUPUK ROCK PHOSPATE DAN PUPUK NPK TUNGGAL TERHADAP KEMANTAPAN AGREGAT PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG ( Zea mays L. ) DI BANDAR LAMPUNG

Violeta , Cahya Ajeng (2025) KOMBINASI APLIKASI PUPUK ROCK PHOSPATE DAN PUPUK NPK TUNGGAL TERHADAP KEMANTAPAN AGREGAT PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG ( Zea mays L. ) DI BANDAR LAMPUNG. FAKULTAS PERTANIAN, UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG.

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Abstrak (Berisi Bastraknya saja, Judul dan Nama Tidak Boleh di Masukan)

Produktivitas jagung pipil (Zea mays L.) di Lampung pada 2022–2024 menurun akibat Ultisol yang miskin hara dan agregat tidak stabil, sehingga tanah padat, rentan erosi, dan akar terhambat. Sementara itu, Pemupukan masih berfokus pada hara tanpa memperbaiki struktur tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk Rock Phosphate dan pupuk NPK tunggal terhadap kemantapan agregat tanah Ultisol pada pertanaman jagung, serta menentukan dosis kombinasi terbaik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Campang Raya, Bandar Lampung pada Agustus–Desember 2024 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas: A = Kontrol, B = Standar Pupuk (N, P, K Tunggal), C = 1⁄4 Rock Phosphate + 1⁄4 Pupuk N, P, K Tunggal, D = 1⁄2 Rock Phosphate + 1⁄2 Pupuk N, P, K Tunggal, E = 3⁄4 Rock Phosphate + 3⁄4 Pupuk N, P, K Tunggal, F = 1 Rock Phosphate + 1 Pupuk N, P, K Tunggal, G = 11⁄4 Rock Phosphate + 11⁄4 Pupuk N, P, K Tunggal, dan H = 11⁄2 Rock Phosphate + 11⁄2 Pupuk N, P, K Tunggal. Parameter utama adalah indeks kemantapan agregat tanah, dengan parameter pendukung berupa distribusi agregat, indeks dispersi dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh perlakuan kombinasi Rock Phosphate dan NPK tunggal meningkatkan indeks kemantapan agregat dibanding kontrol (32,89–39,76%), meskipun masih tergolong “tidak mantap”. Nilai terendah terdapat pada perlakuan B (25,82%), sedangkan tertinggi pada perlakuan D sebesar 39,76%. Perlakuan D juga menghasilkan distribusi agregat stabil >2 mm sebesar 17,67% serta Rerata Berat Diameter (RBD) 4,15, lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol (RBD 4,12). Pada indeks dispersi, perlakuan G menunjukkan tanah tidak terdispersi tertinggi (46,75%) dibanding kontrol (34,25%). Peningkatan kemantapan agregat ini didukung oleh peran ion Ca2+ dari Rock Phosphate melalui mekanisme jembatan kation yang memperkuat ikatan partikel liat, serta eksudat akar akibat pemupukan NPK. Kata kunci: Rock Phospate, Pupuk NPK, Kemantapan Agregat, dan Jagung Productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) in Lampung during 2022–2024 declined due to the use of Ultisol soils, which are nutrient-poor and have unstable aggregates, resulting in compacted soil, higher erosion risk, and restricted root growth. Meanwhile, fertilization practices have generally focused on nutrient supply without improving soil structure. This study aimed to determine the effect of combining Rock Phosphate and single NPK fertilizers on the aggregate stability of Ultisol in maize cultivation, as well as to identify the optimal dosage combination. The research was conducted in Campang Raya, Bandar Lampung from August to December 2024 using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments were: A = Control, B = Standard Fertilizer (single N, P, K), C = 1⁄4 Rock Phosphate + 1⁄4 single NPK, D = 1⁄2 Rock Phosphate + 1⁄2 single NPK, E = 3⁄4 Rock Phosphate + 3⁄4 single NPK, F = 1 Rock Phosphate + 1 single NPK, G = 11⁄4 Rock Phosphate + 11⁄4 single NPK, and H = 11⁄2 Rock Phosphate + 11⁄2 single NPK. The main parameter observed was the soil aggregate stability index, with supporting parameters including aggregate size distribution, dispersion index and crop production. The results showed that all Rock Phosphate and NPK combinations increased the aggregate stability index compared to the control (32.89–39.76%), although they were still categorized as “unstable.” The lowest value was obtained in treatment B (25.82%), while the highest was in treatment D (39.76%). Treatment D also produced the highest proportion of stable aggregates >2 mm (17.67%) and a Mean Weight Diameter (MWD) of 4.15, higher than the control (MWD 4.12). In terms of dispersion index, treatment G showed the highest percentage of non-dispersed soil (46.75%) compared to the control (34.25%). The improvement in aggregate stability was supported by the role of Ca2+ from Rock Phosphate through the cation-bridging mechanism that strengthens clay particle binding, as well as root exudates derived from NPK fertilization. Keywords: Rock phosphate, Single NPK fertilizer, Aggregate stability, Maize

Jenis Karya Akhir:	Skripsi
Subyek:	600 Teknologi (ilmu terapan) > 630 Pertanian dan teknologi yang berkaitan
Program Studi:	FAKULTAS PERTANIAN (FP) & PASCASERJANA > Prodi S1 Ilmu Tanah
Pengguna Deposit:	UPT . Desi Zulfi Melasari
Date Deposited:	30 Oct 2025 04:05
Terakhir diubah:	30 Oct 2025 04:05
URI:	http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/92388

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