Sabila, Aurelia (2026) ANALISIS EFISIENSI INDUSTRI KELAPA SAWIT DI INDONESIA: PERBANDINGAN BUMN DAN BUMS MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEA (DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS). FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS, UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG.
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Abstract
Indusri kelapa sawit merupakan sektor strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia, namun perbedaan tingkat efisiensi antar perusahaan masih menjadi permasalahan utama, khususnya antara Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) dan Badan Usaha Milik Swasta (BUMS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan tingkat efisiensi teknis perusahaan kelapa sawit BUMN dan BUMS di Indonesia, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dengan asumsi Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) dan Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) untuk mengukur efisiensi teknis perusahaan. Selanjutnya, analisis regresi data panel digunakan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi, meliputi jumlah karyawan, luas lahan, produksi CPO. Data penelitian bersumber dari laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan kelapa sawit selama periode pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tingkat efisiensi antara perusahaan BUMN dan BUMS, di mana secara umum perusahaan BUMS memiliki tingkat efisiensi teknis yang lebih baik. Selain itu, pada hasil regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model (FEM), jumlah karyawan negatif signifikan terhadap efisiensi perusahaan kelapa sawit, luas lahan negatif signifikan terhadap efisiensi perusahaan kelapa sawit, sedangkan produksi CPO negatif tidak signifikan terhadap efisiensi perusahaan kelapa sawit. Kata kunci : BUMN, BUMS, Data Envelopment Analisis, Efisiensi Teknis, Industri Kelapa Sawit The palm oil industry is a strategic in the Indonesian economy; howeever, differences in efficiency levels among firms remain a key issue, particularly between State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and Private-Owned Enterprises (POEs). This study aims to analyze and compare the technical efficiency of SOE and POE pal oil companies in Indonesia and to identify the factors influencing effiiciency. This study employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) AND Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) assumptions to measure technical efficiency. Furhermore, a panel data regression analysis is applied to examine the determinants of efficiency, including labor, land area, CPO production, and firm characteristics. The analysis is based on secondary data obtained from corporate financial statements and annual reports during the observation period. The results iindicate differences in technical efficiency between SOEs and POEs generally exhibiting higher efficiency levels. Furthermore, the panel data regression results using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach show that the number of employees has a significant negative effect on the efficiency of palm oil companies, land area has a significant negative effect on the efficiency of palm oil companies, while CPO production has a negative but not significant effect on the efficiency of palm oil companies. Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis, Palm Oil Industry, POEs, SOEs Technical Efficiency
| Item Type: | Other |
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| Subjects: | ?? 330 ?? ?? 600 ?? ?? 650 ?? |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis > Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan |
| Depositing User: | 2602909747 Digilib |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Apr 2026 02:09 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Apr 2026 02:09 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/98726 |
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