%0 Journal Article
%A 0714041047, Muhammad Badrus Sholih
%D 2012
%F eprints:12727
%J Digital Library
%T PENGARUH PEMULSAAN DAN REDUKSI OLAH TANAH  TERHADAP KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KEMELIMPAHAN  KUMBANG TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN TEBU
%U http://digilib.unila.ac.id/12727/
%X Abstrak    Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemulsaan dan reduksi olah  tanah terhadap keanekaragaman dan kemelimpahan kumbang tanah pada  pertanaman tebu. Sampling kumbang dilaksanakan bulan Januari, Juli dan  Desember 2011 di pertanaman tebu PT. Gunung Madu Plantations Lampung  Tengah menggunakan pitfall. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan percobaan  petak terpisah (split plot) dengan perlakuan olah tanah sebagai petak utama  (tanpa olah tanah/TOT dan olah tanah intensif/OTI) dan pemulsaan sebagai anak  petak (tidak diberi dan diberi mulsa bagas) dan dengan lima ulangan. Spesimen  kumbang yang didapat dari pitfall diidentifikasi sampai pada tingkat famili.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pertanaman tebu dapat ditemukan 18  famili kumbang yang meliputi kumbang dari famili Anthicidae, Cicindelidae,  Carabidae, Chrysomelidae, Coccinellidae, Curculionidae, Dytiscidae,  Eucnemidae, Elateridae, Hydrophilidae, Pselaphidae, Nitidulidae, Ptilidae,  Scaphidiidae, Scarabaeidae, Scydmaenidae, Tenebrionidae dan Staphylinidae.  Hasil analisis data menunjukkan pengolahan tanah berpengaruh sangat nyata  terhadap kemelimpahan, jumlah famili, indeks Shannon dan indeks Simpson,  khususnya untuk data bulan Januari 2011. Namun pemulsaan dan interaksi antara  olah tanah dan pemulsaan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemelimpahan,  jumlah famili, indeks Shannon dan indeks Simpson.  Kemelimpahan kumbang tanah lebih tinggi pada sistem TOT (3,1 ekor kumbang  per pitfall) dibandingkan dengan sistem OTI (1,3 ekor kumbang per pitfall).  Keanekaragaman kumbang tanah lebih tinggi pada sistem TOT (2, 6 famili  kumbang per pitfall; indeks Shannon = 0,8; indeks Simpson = 0,49) dibandingkan  dengan sistem olah OTI ( 0,8 famili kumbang per pitfall; indeks Shannon = 0,06;  indeks Simpson = 0,04).  Kata kunci: kumbang tanah, pemulsaan, pertanaman tebu, reduksi olah tanah.                Abstract    This study was aimed to determine the effect of mulching and reduced tillage on  the diversity and abundance of soil beetles in sugarcane fields. Beetle sampling  using pitfalls was done in the sugarcane fields of PT Gunung Madu Plantations at  Terusan Nunyai area of Central Lampung in three occassions, i.e. January, July  and December of 201 1. Experiment was done using a 2x2x5 split-plot design with  two treatment factors (mulching and tillage) and five replicates. Mulching and  tillage consisted of two levels, respectively, i.e. no-bagasse mulch, with bagasse  mulch, no-tillage, and full-tillage. The recovered soil beetles were identified up to  the familial level. The diversity was expressed as family number, Shannon’s index  and Simpson’s index while the abundance was expressed as number of beetle  individuals. Data were analysed using F-tests at 1% or 5% of significance.  This study showed that soil beetles in the sugarcane fields were adequately  diverse and their dynamics could be affected by soil tillage. Eighteen beetle  families were recovered from the study site, i.e. Anthicidae, Cicindellidae,  Carabidae, Chrysomelidae, Coccinellidae, Curculionidae, Dytiscidae,  Eucnemidae, Elateridae, Hydrophilidae, Pselaphidae, Nitidulidae, Ptilidae,  Scaphidiidae, Scarabaeidae, Scydmaenidae, Tenebrionidae and Staphylinidae.  Mulching or interaction of mulching and tillage did not affect beetle diversity and  abundance but reduced tillage was found to increase beetle diversity (famili  number, Shannon’s index and Simpson’s index) and abundance, especially those  sampled in January 2011.  Key words: mulching, reduced tillage, soil beetle, sugarcane.