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ANALISIS MUTU BERAS PADA MESIN PENGGILINGAN PADI BERJALAN DI KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU
Beras merupakan bahan makanan pokok bagi sebagian penduduk Indonesia. Penggilingan padi berjalan merupakan modifikasi mobil yang dilengkapi rangkaian mesin penggilingan padi. Mutu beras hasil gilingan dipengaruhi jenis mesin penggilingan padi yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari kinerja mesin penggilingan padi berjalan dan mendeskripsikan mutu beras hasil penggilingan padi berjalan dan menetap. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai dengan April 2014 di Kabupaten Pringsewu dan Laboratorium Rekayasa dan Bioproses Pascapanen, Jurusan Teknik Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Analisis mutu beras dilakukan pada 10 penggilingan padi berjalan dan 3 penggilingan padi menetap. Pengukuran kapasitas giling, kapasitas giling gabah per liter bahan bakar dan rendemen dilakukan pengamatan langsung di lapang. Hasil penelitian rata-rata penggilingan padi berjalan menghasilkan kapasitas giling 4,96 kg/menit, kapasitas giling gabah per liter bahan bakar 133,03 kg/liter, rendemen 64,14%, kadar air 15,33%, derajat sosoh 95%, beras kepala 52,39%, butir patah 45,3% dan butir menir 2,33%. Sedangkan hasil rata-rata penggilingan padi menetap menghasilkan kapasitas giling 4,63 kg/menit, kapasitas giling gabah per liter bahan bakar 123,67 kg/liter, rendemen 63,03%, kadar air 14,09%, derajat sosoh 95%, beras kepala 52,39%, butir patah 57,53% dan butir menir 2,73%. Persentase butir merah, butir kuning, butir mengapur, benda asing dan butir gabah tidak ditemukan. Rice is a main food for some parts of Indonesian people. Commuting rice milling is a car modified with rice milling machine installation. The rice quality is influenced by type of rice milling machine. The objective of this research was to study performance of commuting rice milling machine and to describe rice qualities produced by the commuting rice milling machine and by conventional rice milling machine. This research was conducted from February to April 2014 in Pringsewu district and post-harvest bio-process and engineering laboratory of Agricultural Engineering Department in Lampung University. Rice quality analyses were conducted at 10 commuting rice milling machines and 3 conventional rice millings. Measurements of milling capacity, milling capacity per liter of fuel, and rendement (yield) were conducted directly in the field. The results showed that the average milling capacity of commuting rice milling was 4.96 kg/minute, its milling capacity per liter fuel was 133.03 kg/liter, rendement was 64.14%, water content was 15.33%, clarity level was 95%, intact rice seed was 52.39%, broken rice seed was 45.3%, and rice groat granule was 2.33%. The average milling capacity of conventional rice milling was 4.63 kg/minute, its milling capacity per liter fuel was 123.67 kg/liter, rendement was 63.03%, water content was 14.09%, clarity level was 95%, intact rice seed was 52.39%, broken rice seed was 57.53%, and rice groat granule was 2.73%. Percentages of red, yellow, and lime rice seed were not found.
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