TY  - GEN
CY  - Universitas Lampung
ID  - eprints55735
UR  - http://digilib.unila.ac.id/55735/
A1  - HIMMAH A?LA RUFAIDA, 1512011180
Y1  - 2019/12/23/
N2  - Mercenary are often interpreted as soldiers who fight in an armed conflict with 
the main motivation in the form of material gain. Blackwater Executive Outcomes, 
in security operations in Iraq, Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as Sandline 
International, mercenaries who helped Sierra Leone against the Revolutionary 
United Front are one example of the existence of mercenaries. To date, there is no 
consensus on the legal definition of who qualifies as a mercenary. Every 
regulation regarding mercenaries has a difference in defining mercenaries, so the 
interpretation and position in the law is different. 
The study found that the legal status of mercenaries categorized as non?combatant and has no right to the status of war prisonersif caught by the state 
authorities where the mercenaries do their activities based on the provisions of 
Article 47 paragraph (1) of Additional Protocol I 1977, Article 3 of the OAU 
Convention for the Elimination of Mercenarism in Africa 1977, and Article 16 of 
the International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing, and 
Trining of Mercenaries 1989. The determination of the status of mercenaries 
(combatants or war prisoners) can only be carried out by competent courts of 
judicial power if there are provisions that designate mercenarism as a distinct
crime.Determination of the legal status of mercenaries has an impact on whether 
mercenarism can be said to be a criminal offense or not.
Based on OAU Convention 1977andUN Convention 1989, activities related to 
mercenaries are declared as criminal acts because of the negative impact caused 
can disrupt the stability of a country in carrying out its functions and violate 
human rights. Therefore, every person (both a natural and legal person)who 
commits a crime of mercenarism is considered to have violated the applicable 
convention and must be subject to sanctions.
Keywords: Legal Status, Mercenary, International Law.


Tentara bayaran (mercenary) sering diartikan sebagai tentara yang bertempur 
dalam sebuah konflik bersenjata dengan motivasi utama berupa keuntungan 
materi.BlackwaterExecutive Outcomes, yang terlibat dalam operasi-operasi 
keamanan di Irak, Pakistan, dan Afganistan serta Sandline International yang 
membantu Sierra Leone melawan Revolutionary United Front, merupakan salah 
satu contoh dari eksistensi tentara bayaran. Hingga saat ini, belum ada konsensus 
tentang definisi hukum mengenai siapa yang memenuhi syarat sebagai tentara 
bayaran.Setiap regulasi yang mengatur mengenai tentara bayaran memiliki 
perbedaan dalam mendefinisikan tentara bayaran, sehingga penafsiran dan 
kedudukannya dalam hukum pun berbeda.
Penelitian menemukan bahwa status hukum dari tentara bayaran dikategorikan 
sebagainon-kombatan dan tidak berhak atas status tawanan perang apabila 
tertangkap oleh otoritas negara dimana tentara bayaran tersebut melakukan 
aktivitasnya berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 47 ayat (1) Protokol Tambahan I 1977, 
Pasal 3 OAU Convention for the Elimination of Mercenarism in Africa 1977, dan 
Pasal 16 International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing, and 
Trining of Mercenaries 1989. Adapun penentuan status tentara bayaran 
(kombatan atau tawanan perang) hanya dapat dilakukan oleh pengadilan yang 
kompeten dari kekuasaan kehakiman jika memang terdapat ketentuan yang 
menunjuk mercenarism sebagai distinct crime.Penentuan status hukum tentara 
bayaran berdampak pada apakah mercenarism dapat dikatakan sebagai tindak 
pidana atau tidak.
Berdasarkan OAU Convention 1977 dan Konvensi PBB 1989, kegiatan terkait 
tentara bayaran dinyatakan sebagai tindak kriminal karena dampak negatif yang 
ditimbulkan dapat mengganggu stabilitas suatu negara dalam menjalankan 
fungsinya dan melanggar hak asasi manusia.Sehingga, setiap orang (baik manusia 
pribadi maupun badan hukum) yang melakukan kejahatan mercenarism dianggap 
telah melakukan pelanggaran terhadap konvensi yang berlaku dan wajib 
dikenakan sanksi.
Kata Kunci: Status Hukum, Tentara Bayaran, Hukum InternasionaL
PB  - Fakultas Hukum
TI  - STATUS HUKUM TENTARA BAYARAN (MERCENARY) DALAM 
HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
AV  - restricted
ER  -