%0 Generic
%A INDAH SELVIANA OKTAVIANI, 1714181017
%C UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
%D 2021
%F eprints:61308
%I Fakultas Pertanian
%T ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KEANEKARAGAMAN BAKTERI PADA  TEPHRA GUNUNG ANAK KRAKATAU  PASCA ERUPSI DESEMBER 2018
%U http://digilib.unila.ac.id/61308/
%X Erupsi Gunung Anak Krakatau (GAK) pada Desember 2018 menyebabkan  perubahan morfologi dan kerusakan lahan yang signifikan berupa pengendapan  material piroklastik baru dan musnahnya seluruh vegetasi pionir. Material  piroklastik (tephra) mengandung mineral primer yang berdampak positif bagi  pembentukan kesuburan tanah dan keanekaragaman hayati. Penelitian eksplorasi  ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi populasi, keanekaragaman, dan dominansi  bakteri tanah pada tephra GAK pasca erupsi Desember 2018.  Pengambilan sampel tephra GAK dilakukan secara toposquence pada 4  profil berbeda dan diperoleh 19 sampel. Isolasi dan perhitungan populasi bakteri  dilakukan dengan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) sebanyak tiga ulangan (triplo)  pada setiap pengenceran. Selanjutnya, dilakukan identifikasi morfologi bakteri,  pemurnian isolat bakteri, dan pengujian isolat bakteri pada suhu tinggi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total populasi bakteri tephra GAK tergolong  masih rendah. Secara umum total populasi bakteri dari lapisan atas ke lapisan  bawah mengalami penurunan. Sedangkan, secara toposquence total populasi  bakteri tertinggi terdapat pada profil 3 sebesar 3,41 Log CFUg-1    dan total populasi    bakteri terendah terdapat pada profil 4 sebesar 1,98 Log CFUg-1    . Tingkat  keanekaragaman (Hˈ) bakteri tephra GAK tergolong rendah berkisar 0 – 0,92  sehingga, tingkat dominansi bakteri tergolong tinggi (D = 0,5 – 1). Kelompok  bakteri yang mendominasi pada tephra yaitu bakteri termofilik yang mampu  tumbuh pada cekaman suhu 40oC dan 45oC.  Kata kunci: dominansi (D), keanekaragaman (Hˈ), tephra GAK, total populasi    bakteri (CFUg -1  ).    The eruption of Mount Anak Krakatau (GAK) in December 2018 caused  significant morphological changes and land damage in the form of deposition of  new pyroclastic material and the destruction of all pioneer vegetation. Pyroclastic  material (tephra) contains primary minerals that have a positive impact on the  formation of soil fertility and biodiversity. This exploratory research aims to  identify the population, diversity, and dominance of soil bacteria in GAK’s tephra  after the December 2018 eruption.  Sampling of GAK’s tephra was carried out using toposquence on 4 different  profiles and 19 samples were obtained. Isolation and calculation of the bacterial  population used the Total Plate Count (TPC) method with three replications  (triplo) in each dilution. Then, identification of bacterial morphology, purification  of bacterial isolates, and testing of bacterial isolates in high temperature was  performed.  The results showed that the total population of GAK’s tephra bacteria was  still low. In general, the total population of bacteria from the top layer to the  bottom layer decreased. Meanwhile, in toposquence, the highest total bacterial  population was found in profile 3 with 3.41 Log CFUg-1 and the lowest total  bacterial population was found in profile 4 with 1.98 Log CFUg-1    . The level of  diversity (Hˈ) of GAK’s tephra bacteria is low, ranging from 0 – 0.92, means that  the level of bacterial dominance is high (D = 0.5 – 1). The group of bacteria that  dominates in tephra are thermophilic bacteria that are able to grow within the  temperatures of 40oC and 45oC.  Keywords: dominance (D), diversity (Hˈ), tephra GAK, total bacterial population    (CFUg -1  ).