%0 Thesis
%9 Masters
%A  Emi  Yunida, 2024011017 
%B FAKULTAS PERTANIAN
%D 2022
%F eprints:64734
%I UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
%P 2024011017
%T UPAYA PENINGKATAN PERFORMA HORTIKULTURA ANGGREK  Dendrobium MELALUI HIBRIDISASI ANTARA (D. Wira Pride x   D. sutiknoi) x D. Imelda Marina Masagung: STUDI KULTUR BIJI,    PEMBESARAN SEEDLING IN VITRO   DAN AKLIMATISASI   
%U http://digilib.unila.ac.id/64734/
%X Anggrek merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman hias yang memiliki nilai estetika  tinggi. Salah satu upaya dalam peningkatan performa hortikultura anggrek  Dendrobium yaitu melalui hibridisasi tetua-tetua anggrek yang memiliki sifat  unggul dan dilanjutkan dengan perbanyakan biji-biji anggrek hasil silangan  melalui kultur in vitro. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 percobaan. Percobaan I  bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh media dasar dan berbagai konsentrasi air  kelapa ke dalam media kultur serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pengecambahan  in vitro anggrek hasil hibridisasi (D. Wira Pride x D. sutiknoi) x D. Imelda Marina  Masagung. Biji anggrek dikecambahkan pada 6 media perlakuan selama 8  minggu. Percobaan dilaksanakan dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4  ulangan.  Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial 2x3, faktor pertama yaitu 2 jenis  media dasar (MS dan pupuk lengkap NPK 32:10:10), sedangkan faktor kedua  adalah konsentrasi air kelapa (0, 75 dan 150 ml/l). Setiap unit percobaan terdiri   dari 1 botol kultur yang ditanami biji anggrek dalam jumlah yang diusahakan  sama (±2,8 mg). Percobaan II bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis adenda  organik dan penambahan KNO3 serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan seedling  anggrek hasil hibridisasi antara (D. Wira Pride x D. sutiknoi) x D. Imelda Marina  Masagung in vitro. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan dalam rancangan acak lengkap  (RAL) dengan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (3x2), faktor  pertama adalah tiga jenis adenda (kentang, tomat, dan pisang), sedangkan faktor  kedua adalah KNO3 (0 dan 2 g/l). Setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 3 botol kultur  yang berisi masing-masing 10 eksplan.  Sebanyak 120 Seedling yang sudah  memiliki  tinggi  ≥ 5 cm dengan  minimal 4 helai daun dan 4 helai akar  diaklimatisasi  dengan  sistem kompot (community pot) menggunakan media  serabut sabut kelapa atau moss putih, 10 seedling per pot.    Hasil percobaan I menunjukkan bahwa semua kultur dengan media dasar pupuk  lengkap NPK 32:10:10 menghasilkan perkecambahan biji dan pertumbuhan  protokorm anggrek (D. Wira Pride x D. sutiknoi) x D. Imelda Marina Masagung,  baik dengan maupun tanpa penambahan air kelapa, sedangkan kultur biji di media  MS semuanya tidak berkecambah (menghasilkan protokorm). Pemberian air  kelapa sebanyak 150 ml/l menghasilkan skoring jumlah protokorm dan bobot 100  protokorm tertinggi, diikuti perlakuan air kelapa 75 ml/l dan tanpa penambahan  air kelapa. Hasil percobaan II menunjukkan bahwa adenda kentang secara umum  menghasilkan pertumbuhan seedling anggrek terbaik diikuti oleh adenda tomat  dan adenda pisang. Pemberian KNO3 2 g/l ke dalam media justru menekan  pertumbuhan seedling, hal ini dapat dilihat hampir pada semua variabel  pengamatan yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah  akar, panjang akar, dan bobot segar  tanaman. Semua seedling yang diaklimatisasi, baik dengan media serabut sabut  kelapa maupun moss putih teraklimatisasi 100% setelah berumur 8 minggu sejak  dikeluarkan dari botol.       Kata kunci : adenda, air kelapa, aklimatisasi, Dendrobium, KNO3, kultur biji,  moss, MS, pupuk lengkap NPK (32:10:10), sabut kelapa, seedling.           Dendrobium, a member of Orchidaceae is a popular ornamental plants with high  aesthetical value. Efforts to improve horticultural performance of Dendrobium  orchids are always become the breeder’s priority programmes. Hybridization  between parent plants with novel characters followed by asymbiotic or in vitro  seed germination is the most easiest way to get a new qualified hybrid.  This study  consisted of two consecutive experiments, i.e., (1) effects of basal media and  various concentrations of coconut water on in vitro germination and protocorm  growth of hybrid (D. Wira Pride x D. sutiknoi) x D. Imelda Marina Masagung;  and (2) effects of organic addenda and the addition of KNO3 on in vitro growth of  the hybrid seedlings. The first experiment was conducted in a completely  randomazed design, replicated four times, with 6 treatments arranged in a (2x3)  factorial.  The first factor was two basal media formulation (MS and NPK  32:10:10 complete fertilizer), while the second factor was the concentrations of   coconut water (CW) (0. 75 and 150 ml/l). Each experimental unit consisted of 1  culture bottle. Seeds of approximately the same amount (±2.8 mg) from green  mature pod of the hybrid Dendrobium were sowed on six media treatments and  incubated under continuous fluoresence light of approximately 1000 lux, 26±2  C  for 8 weeks. The second experiment was also carried out in a completely  randomized design, replicated thrice, with 6 treatments in a (3x2) factorial  arrangement.  The first factor was three types of medium addenda (potatoe  extract, tomatoe juice, and banana homogenate), while the second factor was  addition of KNO3 (0 and 2 g/l). Each experimental unit consisted of 3 culture  bottles, each of which containing 10 explants. After 12 weeks of cultures, seedling  height, width of leaves, number of roots, length of roots and seedling freash  weight were recorded. Results of the first experiment showed that all cultures with   0  media consisted of complete fertilizer NPK 32:10:10 showed better seed  germination and protocorm growth, compared to MS medium, in which all the  seeds did not germinate and produce protocorm.  Addition of CW at 75 and 150  ml/l significantly increased seed germination and protocorm growth, with the  highest protocorm growth obtained at 150 ml/l CW. This results were showed by  the highest score of the protocorm mass and weight of 100 protocorms at 150 ml/l  CW, followed by 75 ml/l CW.  The results of the second experiment showed that  addition of potato extract generally produced the best orchid seedling growth,  followed by tomato and banana. Addition of KNO3 at 2 g/l into the media  suppressed seedling growth, which was seen in almost all observation variables:  plant height, number of roots, root length, and seedling fresh weight. Following  those two experiments, the hybrid Dendrobium seedlings were subcultured onto  medium consisted of NPK 32:10:10 complete fertilizer with 20 g/l sucrose, 100  ml/l CW, MS vitamins, 1 g/l tryptone, extract of 200 g/l potatoe and 1 g/l of  activated charcoal for three months, and incubated under the same culture room  above. At this stage, hundreds of seedlings with  ≥5 cm height, 4-6 leaves and 4-6  roots were obtained. Among 120 seedlings acclimatized with coco-fiber or  shagnum moss media in community pots ex-vitro, 100% of those seedlings were  successfully grew well until 8 weeks.      Key words : acclimatization, addenda, coconut fiber, coconut water, Dendrobium,  KNO3, moss, MS, NPK complete fertilizer (32:10:10), seed culture,  seedling.