%A Fajriyati	 Nurul 
%T OPTIMALISASI PRODUK REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI DARI
MINYAK BIJI JARAK KALIKI (Ricinus communis L.) MENGGUNAKAN
KATALIS ZEOLIT-A DENGAN STUDI RESPONSE SURFACE

METHODOLOGY (RSM)
%X In this research, the synthesis of zeolite-A has been carried out from rice husk
silica raw materials and food grade aluminum foil using the hydrothermal method
for 72 hours at a temperature of 100 ?C, then calcined at a temperature of 550 ?C
for 6 hours. The zeolite-A samples obtained were then characterized using X-Ray
Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Particle Size Analyzer
(PSA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET).
The zeolite-A obtained was used as a catalyst in the transesterification reaction
process of Kaliki castor bean oil to produce biodiesel. The optimum conditions for
the transesterification reaction were then evaluated using Response Surface
Methodology (RSM) by observing 3 factorial levels that influence the conversion
results such as the amount of catalyst (2,5%; 5%; and 7,5%), the ratio of methanol
to oil (3:1; 4,5:1; and 6:1), and reaction time (15, 37.5 and 60 minutes). The
transesterification reaction was carried out using the reflux method at a reaction
temperature of 70 ?C. The resulting research showed that the optimum conditions
were obtained at 7,5%, with a methanol to oil ratio of 6:1 and a reaction time of
60 minutes with a conversion yield of 100%. The methyl ester obtained from the

transesterification product under optimum conditions was analyzed using the GC-
MS technique, and the main component was 90,70% methyl ricinoleate.

Key words: Biodiesel, kaliki castor seed oil, Response Surface Methodology,
transesterification, zeolite-A.
Pada penelitian ini, telah dilakukan sintesis zeolit-A dari bahan baku silika sekam
padi dan alumunium foil food grade dengan menggunakan metode hidrotermal
selama 72 jam pada suhu 100 ?C, selanjutnya dikalsinasi pada suhu 550 ?C
selama 6 jam. Sampel zeolit-A yang diperoleh, kemudian dikarakterisasi
menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),

Particle Size Analyszer (PSA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), dan Brunauer-
Emmett-Teller (BET). Zeolit-A yang diperoleh digunakan sebagai katalis dalam

proses reaksi transesterifikasi minyak biji jarak kaliki untuk menghasilkan
biodiesel. Kondisi optimum pada reaksi transesterifikasi selanjutnya dilakukan
evaluasi menggunakan Response Surface Metodology (RSM) dengan mengamati
3 level factorial yang mempengaruhi hasil konversi seperti jumlah katalis (2,5%;
5%; dan 7,5%), nisbah metanol terhadap minyak (3:1; 4,5:1; dan 6:1), dan waktu
reaksi (15, 37,5 dan 60 menit). Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan metode
refluks pada suhu reaksi 70 ?C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi
optimum yang diperoleh pada 7,5% (1,87 gram), dengan nisbah metanol terhadap
minyak 6:1 dan waktu reaksi yang digunakan 60 menit dengan hasil konversi
sebesar 100%. Metil ester yang diperoleh dari produk transesterifikasi pada
kondisi optimum dilakukan analisis dengan teknik GC-MS, diperoleh komponen
utamanya yaitu metil ricinoleat sebesar 90,70%.
Kata kunci: Biodiesel, minyak Biji Jarak Kaliki, Response Surface Metodology,
transesterifikasi, zeolit-A.
%C UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
%D 2024
%I FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM 
%L eprints82824