%0 Generic
%A Suci , Ainu Sella	
%C UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
%D 2024
%F eprints:83987
%I FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
%T PENGUJIAN TOTAL FENOLIK, ANTIOKSIDAN, DAN ANTIBAKTERI,  FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN RAMBUTAN (Nephelium lappaceum L.)  MENGGUNAKAN METODE Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
%U http://digilib.unila.ac.id/83987/
%X Latar Belakang: Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan tanaman pada  sebagian besar kasus dijadikan target isolasi senyawa pada suatu percobaan untuk  mendapatkan efek farmakologis tertentu. Daun rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum  L.) memiliki berbagai sifat farmakologis di antaranya sebagai antibakteri dan  antioksidan. Sifat farmakologis tanaman telah terbukti dipengaruhi oleh senyawa  metabolit sekunder yang terkandung. Senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid merupakan  senyawa yang dikenal memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan. Banyak  faktor yang mempengaruhi jenis dan jumlah kandungan senyawa dalam ekstrak  seperti metode, pelarut, suhu, dan waktu ekstraksi. Metode Ultrasound-Assisted  Extraction digunakan sebagai sarana meningkatkan efisiensi ekstrak senyawa  yang diinginkan dan sering digunakan dalam ekstraksi bahan alam yang  thermolabile.  Metode: Penelitian ini diawali dengan ekstraksi daun rambutan menggunakan  metode Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction lalu dilanjutkan dengan fraksinasi  bertingkat untuk mendapatkan fraksi etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat yang dihasilkan  diuji senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung, kadar total fenolik, kadar total  flavonoid, aktivitas antioksidan metode DPPH, dan daya hambat antibakteri  terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa metode  difusi silinder.  Hasil: Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam daun rambutan adalah  saponin, alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, dan triterpenoid. Kadar total fenolik  324,41 mg GAE/g. Kadar total flavonoid 145,82 mg QE/g. Nilai IC5019,056  mg/L. Diameter zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada  konsentrasi 20%, 10%, 5%, dan 2,5% berturut-turut 16,33 mm, 11,33 mm, 8  mm, dan 4,16 mm. Diameter zona hambat terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas  aeruginosa dimulai pada konsentrasi 20% yaitu 7 mm.  Simpulan: Fraksi etil asetat daun rambutan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan  antibakteri yang baik.  Kata kunci: Fenolik, flavonoid, antioksidan, antibakteri, daun rambutan    Background: In most cases, secondary metabolite compounds produced by plants  are used as targets for compound isolation in experiments to obtain certain  pharmacological effects. Rambutan leaves (Nephelium lappaceum L.) have  various pharmacological properties, including antibacterial and antioxidant  properties. The pharmacological properties of plants have been proven to be  influenced by the secondary metabolite compounds contained. Phenolic  compounds and flavonoids are compounds known to have antibacterial and  antioxidant activity. Many factors influence the type and amount of compounds in  the extract, such as method, solvent, temperature and extraction time. The  Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction method is used as a means of increasing the  efficiency of extracting desired compounds and is often used in the extraction of  thermolabile natural materials.  Method: This research began with extraction of rambutan leaves using the  Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction method and then continued with multilevel  fractionation to obtain the ethyl acetate fraction. The resulting ethyl acetate  fraction was tested for the secondary metabolite compounds contained, total  phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity using the DPPH  method, and antibacterial inhibitory power against the bacteria Staphylococcus  aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the cylindrical diffusion method.  Result: The secondary metabolite compounds contained in rambutan leaves are  saponins, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids. Total  phenolic content 324,41 mg GAE/g. Total flavonoid content 145,82 mg QE/g.  Effective consentration (IC50) value 19,056 mg/L. The diameter of the inhibition  zone against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at concentrations of 20%, 10%, 5%,  and 2.5% were 16.33 mm, 11.33 mm, 8 mm, and 4.16 mm, respectively. The  diameter of the inhibition zone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria starts at  a concentration of 20%, diameter of inhibition 7 mm.  Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of rambutan leaves has good antioxidant  and antibacterial activity.  Keywords: Phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant, antibacterial, rambutan leaves