@misc{eprints86922,
           month = {Juni},
           title = {EFFECT OF METHANOL, HEXANE RATIOS, AND CATALYST
CONCENTRATION IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY IN SITU
TRANSESTERIFICATION SPENT BLEACHING EARTH},
          author = {YAZIDA KARLINA HANDAYANI },
         address = {UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG},
       publisher = {FAKULTAS PERTANIAN},
            year = {2024},
             url = {http://digilib.unila.ac.id/86922/},
        abstract = {Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) is a solid waste from the Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
refining process which contains 17-40\% oil residue, which has the potential to be
used as a renewable fuel to replace petrodiesel. Biodiesel production goes
through the transesterification stage influenced by several factors, such as
methanol ratio, addition of co-solvent such as hexane, and catalyst concentration.
The aim of this research was to determine the influence and optimum conditions
of the methanol ratio and hexane ratio on SBE and catalyst concentration on
biodiesel production by in situ transesterification. This research was carried out
using the Response Surface Method (RSM) with a Central Composite Design
(CCD) under conditions of a methanol/SBE ratio of 7.00; 8.00; and 9.00 (v/b), the
hexane/SBE ratio of 1.00; 2.00; and 3.00 (v/w) and catalyst concentration of 1.00;
2.00; and 3.00\% (w/w). The research results showed that the methanol ratio
affected water content, saponification number, iodine number and cetane index, as
well as the hexane ratio and catalyst concentration also affected the acid number.
Optimum conditions were obtained at a methanol/SBE ratio of 7.00 (v/w), a
hexane/SBE ratio of 2.96 (v/w), and a catalyst concentration of 3.00\% (w/w),
which produced biodiesel yield of 72,84\%. The produced biodiesel had water
content of 0,616\%, acid number of 2,351 mgKOH/g, saponification number of
202,607 mgKOH/g, iodine number of 53,41 gI2/100g, and cetane indeks of
61,546.

Keywords: biodiesel, spent bleaching earth (SBE), in situ transesterification

ABSTRAK

PENGARUH NISBAH METANOL, HEKSANA, DAN
KONSENTRASI KATALIS DALAM PRODUKSI BIODIESEL SECARA

TRANSESTERIFIKASI IN SITU
SPENT BLEACHING EARTH

Oleh

HANDAYANI YAZIDA KARLINA

Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) merupakan limbah padat dari proses pemurnian
Crude Palm Oil (CPO) yang mengandung residu minyak sebesar 17-40\%, yang
berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar terbarukan menggantikan
petrodiesel. Produksi biodiesel melalui tahap transesterifikasi dipengaruhi oleh
beberapa faktor seperti nisbah metanol, penambahan co-solvent seperti heksana,
dan konsentrasi katalis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh
dan kondisi optimum dari nisbah metanol dan nisbah heksana terhadap SBE serta
konsentrasi katalis pada produksi biodiesel secara transesterifikasi in situ.
Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan Response Surface Method (RSM) dengan
rancangan Central Composite Design (CCD) pada kondisi nisbah metanol/SBE
sebesar 7,00; 8,00; dan 9,00 (v/b), nisbah heksana/SBE sebesar 1,00; 2,00; dan
3,00 (v/b) dan konsentrasi katalis sebesar 1,00; 2,00; dan 3,00\% (b/b). Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan nisbah metanol berpengaruh terhadap kadar air, bilangan
penyabunan, bilangan iod, dan indeks setana begitupun nisbah heksana dan
konsentrasi katalis juga berpengaruh pada bilangan asam. Kondisi optimum
diperoleh pada kondisi nisbah metanol/SBE sebesar 7,00 (v/b), nisbah
heksana/SBE sebesar 2,96 (v/b), dan konsentrasi katalis sebesar 3,00\% (b/b), yang
menghasilkan rendemen biodiesel sebesar 72,84\%. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan
mengandung kadar air sebesar 0,616\%, bilangan asam sebesar 2,351 mgKOH/g,
bilangan penyabunan sebesar 202,607 mgKOH/g, bilangan iod sebesar 53,41
gI2/100g, dan indeks setana sebesar 61,546.
Kata kunci: biodiesel, tanah pemucat bekas (SBE), transesterifikasi in situ}
}