%A GIBRAN  MUHAMMAD FARHAN 
%T PEMBERIAN HAK GUNA USAHA DI IBU KOTA NUSANTARA DALAM
PERSPEKTIF UNDANG UNDANG POKOK AGRARIA DAN
PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI NASIONAL
%X Pemberian Hak Guna Usaha hingga 190 tahun di wilayah Ibu Kota
Nusantara, sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 12 Tahun
2023 tentang Pemberian Perizinan Berusaha, Kemudahan Berusaha dan Fasilitas
Penanaman Modal Bagi Pelaku Usaha di Ibu Kota Nusantara, menimbulkan
persoalan mendasar dalam konteks hukum agraria dan pembangunan ekonomi
nasional. Kebijakan ini dinilai menyimpang dari Prinsip Prinsip Pokok Agraria,
terutama terkait fungsi sosial tanah, penguasaan oleh negara, dan pemerataan
akses agraria.
Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundangundangan,
konseptual, dan historis, serta dianalisis secara kualitatif-preskriptif.
Menggunakan teori keadilan (John Rawls), Economic Analysis of Law (Richard
Posner), asas kepastian hukum, dan hierarki norma sebagai landasan analisis.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan HGU jangka panjang berisiko
melemahkan kepastian hukum, membuka peluang monopoli lahan oleh investor,
serta mengabaikan hak-hak masyarakat lokal. Secara ekonomi, kebijakan ini
berpotensi menimbulkan inefisiensi alokasi tanah dan menghambat pembangunan
yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan. Kesimpulannya, kebijakan HGU di IKN perlu
ditinjau ulang dan disesuaikan agar sejalan dengan keadilan agraria, kepastian
hukum, serta mendukung pembangunan ekonomi nasional jangka panjang yang
berkeadilan.
Kata kunci: Hak Guna Usaha, Kepastian Hukum, Pembangunan Ekonomi,
Keadilan Agraria.

The granting of Right to Cultivate (Hak Guna Usaha/HGU) for a period of
up to 190 years in the Nusantara Capital City (IKN), as stipulated in Government
Regulation No. 12 of 2023 concerning Business Licensing, Ease of Doing
Business, and Investment Facilities in IKN, raises fundamental concerns in the
context of agrarian law and long-term national economic development. This
policy appears to deviate from the foundational principles of the Basic Agrarian
Law (UUPA), particularly regarding the social function of land, state control
over agrarian resources, and equitable access for the people.
This research adopts a normative juridical approach, utilizing statutory,
conceptual, and historical methods, and is analyzed qualitatively and
prescriptively. The analysis is grounded in theories of justice (John Rawls),
Economic Analysis of Law (Richard Posner), the principle of legal certainty, and
the hierarchy of legal norms.
The findings indicate that the extraordinarily long duration of HGU poses
risks to legal certainty, potentially facilitates land monopolization by private
investors, and marginalizes the rights and interests of local communities. From an
economic perspective, such a policy could lead to inefficient land use, distortion
of market mechanisms, and hinder inclusive and sustainable development.
Therefore, the HGU policy in IKN requires critical reassessment and realignment
to ensure its compliance with agrarian justice, uphold legal certainty, and support
the objectives of equitable and sustainable national economic growth.
Keywords: Land Cultivation Rights, Legal Certainty, Economic Development,
Justice.
%D 2025
%I UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
%L eprints88919