TATI FATIMAH , 1327011018 (2016) PEMANFAATAN SELULOSA DARI TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT UNTUK SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC). Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG.
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Abstract
Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan isolasi selulosa dan sintesis Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) dari Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS). Isolasi selulosa dari serbuk TKS menggunakan campuran HNO3 3,5% dan NaNO3 yang dipanaskan pada suhu 90oC selama 2 jam kemudian direfluks dengan NaOH 2% dan Na2SO3 2%. Hasil isolasi berupa pulp diputihkan dengan penambahan NaOCl 1,75% dan perendaman menggunakan larutan H2O2 10%. Pulp kemudian dikeringkan dan dihaluskan. Selulosa yang diperoleh dianalisis kadar selulosa-α, kadar lignin dan dikarakterisasi gugus fungsionalnya. Sintesis CMC dilakukan dalam 2 perlakuan yaitu konsentrasi NaOH (5%; 10%; 15%, 20%) dan berat Natrium monokloroasetat (NaMCA) (4 g; 5g; 6g; 7g). Sintesis diawali dengan proses alkalisasi selama 1 jam menggunakan NaOH pada suhu kamar, dilanjutkan dengan penambahan NaMCA selama 3 jam pada suhu 55oC dan pencucian menggunakan etanol.Karboksimetil selulosa yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan parameter rendemen, DS, tingkat kemurnian, pH larutan, gugus fungsional dan bentuk permukaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar α-selulosa 94,53%, kadar lignin 0,5% dan spektra selulosa TKS sama dengan spektra selulosa standar. Kondisi optimum sintesis CMC yaitu pada konsentrasi NaOH 10% (w/v) dan berat NaMCA 3 gram ditandai dengan nilai DS tertinggi yaitu 0,3661, diperoleh dari kondisi optimum tersebut selanjutnya dikarakterisasi menghasilkan kemurnian 87,09 %, pH larutan 7,2, serta gugus fungsional dan bentuk permukaan yang sama dengan CMC standar. Kata Kunci: Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), Derajat Substitusi, Tandan Kosong Sawit ABSTRACT This research has been conducted on the isolation and synthesis of cellulose Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) of Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB). EFB cellulose insulation of the powder using a mixture of HNO3 3.5% and NaNO3 were heated at 90 ° C for 2 hours then refluxing with NaOH 2% and 2% Na2SO3. To get more white white cellulose added of 1.75% NaOCl and immersion using a solution of 10% H2O2. Pulp is then dried and pulverized. Cellulose obtained were analyzed α-cellulose content, lignin content and characterized functional groups. Synthesis CMC done in 2 treatments, the concentration of NaOH (5%; 10%; 15%, 20%) and weight Sodium monokloroasetat (SMCA) (4 g; 5g; 6g; 7g). Synthesis begins with alkalization process using NaOH for 1 hour at room temperature, followed by addition of SMCA for 3 hours at a temperature of 55 ° C and washing using ethanol. Carboxymethyl Cellulose obtained characterized by parameters yield, DS, purity, pH, surface functional groups and forms. The results showed levels of α-cellulose 94.53%, 0.5% lignin content and cellulose TKS same spectra with standard spectra cellulose. The optimum conditions of synthesis of CMC is the concentration of NaOH 10% (w/v) and a weight of 3 grams SMCA characterized by the highest DS value of 0.3661. CMC obtained from the optimum conditions generate further characterized purity of 87.09%, pH 7.2 and surface functional groups and shape similar to a standard CMC. Keywords: Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), degree of substitution, Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science (General) > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Fakultas MIPA > Prodi Magister Ilmu Kimia |
| Depositing User: | 2124114 . Digilib |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jan 2016 02:57 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jan 2016 02:57 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/20477 |
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