ADI SUPRIANTO , 1315021002 (2018) UNJUK KERJA KOLEKTOR SURYA HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL (PV/T) ALIRAN SERPENTINE MENGGUNAKAN CFD BERDASARKAN KETEBALAN PELAT ABSORBER. Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Lampung.
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Abstrak (Berisi Bastraknya saja, Judul dan Nama Tidak Boleh di Masukan)
Energi matahari dapat dimanfaatkan secara elektrik menggunakan photovoltaic. Akan tetapi efisiensi photovoltaic hanya sebesar 12% -18 % lebih dari 80 % radiasi diubah menjadi panas. Panas secara terus menerus mengakibatkan peningkatan temperatur kerja dan mengurangi efisiensi elektrik sebesar 0,45 % setiap peningkatan 10C. Sebagai upaya mensetabilkan temperatur photovoltaic maka ditambahkan kolektor termal surya sehingga menjadi kolektor Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T). Unjuk kerja kolektor Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) dapat diperoleh menggunakan simulasi dengan metode CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic). Melalui CFD karakteristik kolektor Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) berkaitan dengan distribusi temperatur dan tekanan fluida dapat digambarkan secara lebih mudah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui unjuk kerja termal kolektor Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) akibat pengaruh ketebalan pelat absorber dan laju aliran massa menggunakan CFD. Prosedur penelitian yang dilakukan adalah: perancangan kolektor surya pelat datar, pengujian kolektor Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T), simulasi CFD dimana proses meliputi desain, meshing, pemilihan metode radiasi, memasukan jenis material serta menentukan kondisi batas. Proses iterasi simulasi ditunjukkan oleh grafik “residual” yang konvergen dengan hasil simulasi berupa kontur temperatur dan tekanan. Langkah selanjutnya validasi dan kemudian simulasi berdasarkan ketebalan absorber 0,5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm dan 3 mm serta laju aliran massa 0,005 kg/s, 0,010 kg/s dan 0,015 kg/s. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pertambahan ketebalan pelat absorber sebesar ± 0,5 mm dalam range (0,5 mm -3 mm) mengakibatkan peningkatan temperatur permukaan photovoltaic sebesar ± 0,60 0C. Sementara Peningkatan laju airan massa 0,005 kg/s dalam range (0,005 kg/s- 0.015 kg/s) temperatur permukaan photovoltaic mengalami penurunan ± 1,92 0C dan peningkatan pressure drop sebesar ± 453 Pa. Menggunakan ketebalan pelat absorber 0,5 mm dengan laju aliran massa 0,015 kg/s meghasilkan temperature permukaan photovoltaic paling rendah bila dibandingkan laju aliran massa (0,005 kg/s, 0,010 kg/s) dengan daya pompa 18 watt. Kata kunci: Kolektor Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T), Metode CFD, Thermal, Pressure Drop. ABSTRACT Solar radiation can be converted into electrical energy, one of which uses photovoltaic. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic is only 12% -18% and more than 80% of the radiation is converted to heat. Continuous heat causes an increase in work temperature and reduces electrical efficiency by 0.45% per 1 0C increase. In an effort to stabilize the photovoltaic temperature, the solar thermal collector is added to become a collector of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T). The performance of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) collectors can be obtained using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) method. Through CFD the collector characteristics of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) related to the distribution of temperature and fluid pressure can be described more easily. So this research aims to determine the thermal performance of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) collectors due to the influence of absorber plate thickness and mass flow rate using CFD. The research procedures carried out are: the design of flat plate solar collectors, the testing of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) collectors, CFD simulations where the process includes design, meshing, selection of radiation methods, inserting of material types and determining boundary conditions. The simulation iteration process is shown by converging "residual" graphs with simulation results in the form of temperature and pressure contours. The next step is validation and then simulation based on absorber thickness of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm as well as mass flow rates of 0.005 kg/s, 0.010 kg/s and 0.015 kg/s. The results of this research indicate that absorber plate thickness ± 0.5 mm in the range (0.5 mm - 3 mm) resulted in an increase in the photovoltaic surface temperature of ± 0.60 0C. While the increase in mass flow rate of 0.005 kg/s in the range (0.005 kg/s - 0.015 kg/s) the surface temperature of photovoltaic decreased ± 1.92 0C and increase in pressure drop of ± 453 Pa. Absorber plate thickness of 0.5 mm with a mass flow rate of 0.015 kg/s resulting in the lowest photovoltaic surface temperature when compared to the mass flow rate (0.005 kg/s, 0.010 kg/s) with a pump power of 18 watt. Keywords: Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal Collector (PV/T), CFD, Thermal Method, Pressure Drop.
| Jenis Karya Akhir: | Skripsi |
|---|---|
| Subyek: | > Mesin (General). Mesin Sipil (General) > Mesin (General). Mesin Sipil (General) Mesin (General). Mesin Sipil (General) |
| Program Studi: | Fakultas Teknik > Prodi S1-Teknik Mesin |
| Pengguna Deposit: | 201883535 . Digilib |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2018 09:03 |
| Terakhir diubah: | 24 Aug 2018 09:03 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/33042 |
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