Glory , Agnes Simarmata (2025) PENGARUH KOMBINASI RASIO PELARUT DAN WAKTU MASERASI TERHADAP EKSTRAKSI β-KAROTEN DALAM RESIDU MINYAK SPENT BLEACHING EARTH (SBE). FAKULTAS PERTANIAN, UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG.
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Abstract
Proses pemurnian minyak sawit melalui tahap bleaching menghasilkan limbah padat berupa Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) yang masih mengandung residu minyak dan senyawa bioaktif seperti β-karoten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi rasio pelarut heksana:etanol dan waktu maserasi terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia minyak hasil ekstraksi SBE. Penelitian dilakukan secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Setiap ulangan terdiri dari 8 kombinasi perlakuan yaitu P1W1, P2W1, P3W1, P4W1, P1W2, P2W2, P3W2, dan P4W2 dengan keterangan P1 untuk heksana:etanol (9:1), P2 untuk heksana:etanol (7:3), P3 untuk heksana:etanol (5:5), P4 untuk heksana:etanol (3:7), W1 untuk waktu maserasi 24 jam, dan W2 untuk waktu maserasi 48 jam. Data kemudian dianalisis sidik ragam lalu diuji lanjut dengan metode ortogonal kontras. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada kombinasi P1W2 (rasio pelarut 9:1 dan waktu maserasi 48 jam) yang menghasilkan rendemen minyak tertinggi 20,069%, konsentrasi β-karoten tertinggi 292,62 ppm, kadar ALB terendah 7,092%, kadar abu terendah 0,215%, dan kadar air terendah 11,598% diperoleh pada perlakuan P1W1 (rasio pelarut 9:1 dan waktu maserasi 24 jam). Kata kunci: Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE), β-karoten, maserasi, heksana, etanol, kontras ortogonal The bleaching stage in palm oil refining generated a solid waste called Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE), which retained residual oil and bioactive compounds such as carotene. This study aimed to investigate the effect of solvent ratio combination (hexane:ethanol) and maceration time on the physicochemical characteristics of oil extracted from SBE. The research was arranged factorially using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, consisting of eight treatment combinations: P1W1, P2W1, P3W1, P4W1, P1W2, P2W2, P3W2, and P4W2, where P1 represented a solvent ratio of hexane:ethanol (9:1), P2 (7:3), P3 (5:5), and P4 (3:7), while W1 and W2 represent maceration times of 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by orthogonal contrast tests. The results showed that the best treatment was achieved in P1W2 (solvent ratio 9:1 and 48 hours maceration time), which yielded the highest oil yield (20.069%), the highest β-carotene concentration (292.62 ppm), the lowest FFA content (7.092%), the lowest ash content (0.215%), and the lowest moisture content (11.598%) was obtained from P1W1 (solvent ratio 9:1 and 24 hours maceration time). Keywords: Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE), β-carotene, maceration, hexane, ethanol, orthogonal contrast
| Item Type: | Other |
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| Subjects: | ?? 630 ?? |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Prodi Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | UPT . Siswanti |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Oct 2025 02:44 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Oct 2025 02:44 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/92264 |
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