Ridho Nahrowi, 1117011044 (2015) KONVERSI SELULOSA MENJADI KARBOKSIMETIL SELULOSA DARI TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Lampung.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK KONVERSI α-SELULOSA MENJADI KARBOKSIMETIL SELULOSA DARI TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT Oleh Ridho Nahrowi Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan konversi α-selulosa menjadi karboksimetil selulosa dari tandan kosong sawit. Metode yang digunakan adalah alkalisasi dan eterifikasi. Variasi yang dilakukan yaitu konsentrasi NaOH 15-30%. Analisis yang digunakan meliputi penentuan derajat subtitusi, DTG/DTA/TGA, FTIR, SEM, dan XRD. Pada konsentrasi NaOH 15% diperoleh nilai derajat subtitusi 0,17; konsentrasi NaOH 20% 0,12; konsentrasi NaOH 25% 0,25; dan konsentrasi NaOH 30% 0,12. Nilai derajat subtitusi optimum diperoleh pada konsentrasi NaOH 25%, yakni sebesar 0,25. Termogram dekomposisi TGA pada suhu 245-320oC sebesar 25,80% mengindikasikan senyawa CMC. Termogram DTA menunjukkan sifat endoterm pada suhu 83,1oC dan sifat eksoterm pada suhu 496,1oC. Derivatogram DTG pada suhu 285,62oC menunjukkan degradasi CMC sebesar 626,78 μg/min. Serapan FTIR pada bilangan gelombang 1604 cm-1 menunjukkan serapan karbonil yang terikat pada selulosa. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa CMC tersebut memiliki morfologi permukaan yang renggang. Berdasarkan difraktogram XRD, CMC yang dihasilkan memiliki %kristalinitas sebesar 32,5% dengan ukuran kristal sebesar 2,8 nm. Kata Kunci : Tandan Kosong Sawit, α-Selulosa, Karboksimetil Selulosa, ABSTRACT THE CONVERSION OF α-CELLULOSE TO CARBOXIMETHYL CELLULOSE FROM PALM OIL EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH By Ridho Nahrowi The conversion of the α-cellulose to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was performed by alkalization and etherification methods. The variation of sodium hydroxide concentrations were used 15, 20, 25 and 30%. The analysis of CMC was conducted using DTG/DTA/TGA, FTIR, SEM, XRD as well as the degree of subtitution. The values of substitution degree for each sodium hydroxide concentrations were 0.17 0.12 0.25 and 0.12 respectively. The optimum degree of substitution value was 0,25 which obtained at sodium hydroxide concentration. Base on the thermogram data showed that the decomposition at 245-320oC was 25.80% which indicated the presence of CMC. The thermogram of differential thermal analysis exhibited endotherm property at 83.1oC and exotherm property at 496.1oC. The thermogram of differential thermogravimetric at 285.62oC showed that the degradation of CMC was 626.78 ug/min. The fourier transform infrared spectrum at 1604 cm-1 indicated that the carbonyl group attached at α-cellulose. Based on the scanning electron microscopy, the CMC had tenuous morfology surface. In addition, the X-ray difractogram showed that the CMC has crystal size of 2.8 nm and crystalinity of 35.5%. Key Words: Palm oil Empty Fruit Bunch, α-Cellulose, Carboxymethyl Cellulose.
| Item Type: | Other |
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| Subjects: | A General Works = Karya Karya Umum Q Science (General) > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Fakultas MIPA > Prodi Kimia |
| Depositing User: | 0875520 . Digilib |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Apr 2015 07:22 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Apr 2015 07:22 |
| URI: | http://digilib.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/9454 |
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